This interesting surname has two possible origins. Firstly, it may be
metonymic from the female
given name Eve, originally "Hawwah" meaning life and given to Adam's wife. "And the man called his wife's name Eve; because she was the mother of all living" (Genesis 111, 20). "Eva" (without surname) appears in the
Danelaw Charters, Lincolnshire (1206), and John
filius (son of) Eve, is noted in the
Hundred Rolls of Cambridgeshire (1273). The second possibility is
topographical deriving from the
Old English pre 7th Century "efes" meaning border and describes "a dweller by the border or edge" of a wood or hill. One, John
atte Reuese, appears in the 1327
Subsidy Rolls of Worcestershire and Robert
del Eves, is noted in the 1332 Subsidy Rolls of Lancashire. In the modern idiom the surname has many
variant spellings including Eaves, Eavis, Reeves, Evison, etc.. On September 1st 1572, Ann Eves was
christened at St. Mary Whitechapel, Stepney, London. Annes, daughter of Richard Eves, was christened on May 14th 1581, at St. Giles Cripplegate, London. The christening of Sybil, daughter of William Eves, took place at St. Margaret's, Westminster, London. The first recorded spelling of the family name is shown to be that of John atte Euese, which was dated 1275, in the "Subsidy Rolls of Worcestershire", during the reign of King Edward 1, known as "
The Hammer of the Scots", 1272 - 1307. Surnames became necessary when governments introduced personal taxation. In England this was known as
Poll Tax. Throughout the centuries, surnames in every country have continued to "develop" often leading to astonishing variants of the original spelling.